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Understanding Depression: More Than Just Feeling Sad

  • kriscainlcpc
  • Apr 8
  • 4 min read


Depression is one of the most common mental health conditions in the United States, affecting people of all ages, backgrounds, and walks of life. Yet despite its prevalence, depression remains misunderstood, often dismissed as simply a period of sadness. The truth is, depression is a complex medical condition that impacts not only mood but also thoughts, behaviors, and physical health.


In this article, we’ll explore what depression really is, the various forms it can take, what causes it, and how it can be effectively treated. Most importantly, we’ll highlight that recovery is possible—and support is closer than you think, especially for residents in Frankfort, IL and the surrounding Chicago suburbs.


What Is Depression?

Depression, clinically known as major depressive disorder (MDD), is a serious mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in daily life. It affects the way you think, feel, and function—making even routine tasks like getting out of bed or going to work feel overwhelming.


Depression is not just a temporary emotional response to stress or disappointment. It lasts for weeks or months and often requires professional intervention to manage effectively.


Common Symptoms of Depression:

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), depression may include:

  • Persistent sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness

  • Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed

  • Fatigue or decreased energy

  • Changes in appetite or weight

  • Insomnia or sleeping too much

  • Feelings of worthlessness or guilt

  • Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

  • Thoughts of death or suicide


To be diagnosed with depression, these symptoms must last for at least two weeks and cause significant impairment in daily functioning.


Types of Depression

Depression isn’t a one-size-fits-all diagnosis. There are multiple forms of the disorder, each with unique features:


1. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

The most common form, MDD involves at least one episode of severe depressive symptoms that interfere with daily life.

2. Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

A chronic form of depression lasting two years or more, with symptoms that may be less severe but are more enduring.

3. Postpartum Depression

Affecting new mothers (and sometimes fathers), this form of depression can occur after childbirth and includes intense sadness, anxiety, and exhaustion.

4. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Depression that arises during certain seasons, most commonly in the winter months when sunlight exposure is limited.

5. Bipolar Depression

Occurs in individuals with bipolar disorder, alternating between depressive and manic episodes.


Causes of Depression

Depression is caused by a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors.

While everyone’s experience is unique, some common risk factors include:

  • Genetics: Family history of depression increases risk.

  • Brain Chemistry: Imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine.

  • Life Events: Trauma, loss, abuse, or major life changes.

  • Chronic Illness: Physical health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, or chronic pain.

  • Substance Use: Alcohol or drug abuse can worsen or trigger depressive symptoms.


Understanding the underlying causes helps mental health professionals tailor treatment approaches for each individual.


How Common Is Depression in the U.S.?

According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH):

  • Approximately 21 million adults in the U.S. (8.3%) had at least one major depressive episode in 2021.

  • Depression is more prevalent among females (10.3%) than males (6.2%).

  • Young adults aged 18-25 have the highest rate of depression, at 18.6%.


Despite its prevalence, many people do not seek treatment due to stigma, lack of access, or misunderstanding of symptoms.


Treatment Options for Depression

The good news is that depression is highly treatable. With the right combination of approaches, many people experience significant relief from their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.

1. Psychotherapy

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns.

  • Interpersonal Therapy (IPT): Focuses on improving relationship dynamics and social functioning.

  • Trauma-Informed Therapy: Addresses past trauma contributing to present-day symptoms.

  • Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT): Combines CBT with mindfulness practices to prevent relapse.

2. Medication

  • Antidepressants such as SSRIs (e.g., Prozac, Zoloft) or SNRIs (e.g., Effexor) help regulate brain chemistry.

  • Medications may take a few weeks to become fully effective, and finding the right one may involve some trial and error under medical supervision.

3. Lifestyle Interventions

  • Exercise: Regular physical activity improves mood and reduces anxiety.

  • Diet: Nutrient-rich foods support brain health.

  • Sleep Hygiene: Establishing consistent, restful sleep routines.

  • Social Support: Building strong relationships with family, friends, and peer groups.


Real-Life Recovery: A Story of Hope

Emma, a 29-year-old from Frankfort, IL, shared her journey with depression after a difficult breakup and job loss.

“I didn’t want to get out of bed. Everything felt pointless. But I finally reached out to Full Circle Counseling. My therapist helped me reframe my thoughts, and slowly, I started feeling like myself again.”

Through CBT and weekly therapy sessions, Emma learned how to manage her symptoms, set goals, and reconnect with life. Today, she’s back to work, pursuing new hobbies, and mentoring others who are struggling.


How Full Circle Counseling and Wellness Center Can Help

At Full Circle Counseling and Wellness Center in Frankfort, IL, we provide evidence-based treatment for depression tailored to your unique needs. Our compassionate team of licensed therapists uses trauma-informed approaches like:

  • Individual therapy

  • Mindfulness and holistic support

  • EMDR for those with trauma-based depression


We also offer couples and family counseling to support your entire network of healing. Whether you’re experiencing mild symptoms or have been battling depression for years, we are here to walk beside you on your path to recovery.


When to Seek Help

You don’t need to wait until things get worse. If you notice signs of depression lasting more than two weeks, or if your symptoms are interfering with your ability to function, reach out.

🚑 If you are in immediate danger or are experiencing suicidal thoughts, call 988 or go to your nearest emergency room.

Final Thoughts

Depression is not a personal failure. It’s a medical condition that can be treated and managed with the right support. You are not alone, and healing is within reach.


At Full Circle, we believe in your capacity to heal, and we’re here to help you find hope, strength, and joy again.



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